Food poisoning is an acute gastroenteritis caused by consumption of a food or drink, which contains pathogenic microorganisms or their toxins or any kind of poisonous chemicals. The incidence of food poisoning is common between hostels, hotels, municipalities and feedings during the festival season. Is the usual story, a sudden onset of symptoms similar to a group of people with a history of recent recruitment of a food from the same source.
Types of food poisoning:
Bacterial food poisoning is the most common, which is caused by ingestion of pathogenic bacteria or their toxins which are formed. Another type of bacterial food poisoning called is not due to the presence of toxic chemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides, heavy metals, etc.
As occurs
1. the presence of bacteria in the water.
2. the raw materials for food may contain toxins.
3. premises where food is prepared may contain microorganisms or toxins.
4. food Handlers may have some infectious diseases.
5. some organizations like dogs, mice, flies can contaminate food.
6. If the food prepared is maintained at room temperature for a long time, and when the food is heated once again, there is the possibility of food poisoning.
7. Intentionally someone mixing toxins in food.
Some common bacterial food poisonings are:
1. Salmonella food poisoning (Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella cholera suis):
These bacteria are present in milk, dairy products and eggs. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The fever is also common.
2. Botulism: this is the most dangerous type of food poisoning caused by Clostridium Botulinum. The spores of these bodies are seen in the ground, and enters the human body through pickles and canned fish. Compared to other food poisoning, vomiting and diarrhoea are rare, but primarily the nervous system is affected. Symptoms begin with double vision, numbness with weakness. Later, there will be paralysis with respiratory and heart failure, which leads to death.
3. Stafilococcica: food poisoning is caused by Staphylococcus aureus. These organisms usually cause skin problems such as boils and eruptions. Initially, that causes mastitis in cows, and milk and dairy products, enters the body and causes gastroenteritis. There may be vomiting, abdominal cramps with diarrhea.
4. Closteridium food poisoning: this is caused by Closteridium perfringens. These organisms are present in the feces, soil and water. They enter the body through the flesh, meat, eggs, etc. Food poisoning occurs when cooked food items are kept at room temperature and heated for a long time yet before consumption. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramps.
5. Bacillus cereus: spores of these organisms can survive cooking and causes enteritis. Diarrhea and vomiting are common symptoms of this infection.
How to investigate foodpoisoning
1. ensure that every victim.
2. Water sample should be tested.
3. Kitchen, pantry and food samples should be examined.
4. cook and food handlers should be questioned and examined.
5. samples of stool of cholera and all victims should be tested to identify the cause.
How to prevent it
1. Only purified water should be used.
2. hygiene should be maintained by all the people who come into contact with food.
3. workers must use masks, gloves and hats during cooking and serving.
4. Sick individuals should not come into contact with food.
5. unauthorized persons should not be allowed in the kitchen and pantry.
6. kitchen and rooms must be neat and clean.
7. vessels shall be washed with hot water and SOAP
8. If you do not keep food prepared for a long time at room temperature.
9. all food materials should be kept in closed containers.
10. animals such as dog, cat, mouse etc should not be in contact with food.
11. Vegetables should be washed before cooking.
12. fresh meat must be and must be purchased from an approved slaughterhouse.
13. Consume foods prepared at the moment.
14. avoid keeping the food prepared by heating it in the refrigerator and even before consumption.
15. the edible oil, once used for the preparation should not be reused.
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